In China, I am afraid no one agrees that the performance of chemical fiber fabrics is superior to natural fiber fabrics. However, in developed countries, the opposite is true: Most consumers believe that chemical fiber fabrics have superior performance in terms of comfort, functionality, and sensitivity.
Comfort: From Simulation to Super Reality
Functionality: New advantages of chemical fiber
High sensitivity: personalized direction of chemical fiber
Classification of chemical fiber fabrics
Chemical fiber refers to fibers made from natural or artificial macromolecules.
First, chemical fibers can be divided into recycled fibers and synthetic fibers according to the source of raw materials.
(a) Recycled fiber
The production of regenerated fibers is inspired by silkworm silk spinning, using natural polymer compounds such as cellulose and protein as raw materials, chemically processed to produce polymer concentrated solutions, and then spinning and post-processing to obtain textile fibers.
Regenerated fiber mesh fabric
Regenerated fiber mesh fabric
â– 1. Regenerated Cellulose Fiber Regenerated cellulose made from natural cellulose is called a regenerated cellulose fiber because its chemical composition is the same as that of natural cellulose and its physical structure has been changed.
Viscose fiber is made from natural cotton linters and wood. It has the following outstanding advantages.
(1) The hand feels soft and shiny, and the viscose fiber is as soft as the cotton fiber, and the silk fiber is smooth.
(2) Hygroscopicity and air permeability are good. The basic chemical composition of viscose fiber is the same as that of cotton fiber. Therefore, some of its properties are similar to those of cotton fiber. The difference is that its hygroscopicity and breathability are better than cotton fiber. It can be said that It is the best one of all chemical fibers for moisture absorption and air permeability.
(3) The dyeing performance is good. Because the viscose fiber has strong hygroscopicity, the viscose fiber is more easily colored than the cotton fiber. The color is pure and beautiful, and the chromatography is the most complete.
The biggest disadvantage of viscose fiber is its poor wet fastness and poor elasticity. The fabric is easy to wrinkle and is not easy to recover; acid and alkali resistance are not as good as cotton fiber.
â– 2. Strong and strong fiber is commonly known as tiger kapok and strong rayon. It is a denatured viscose fiber.
Compared with common viscose fibers (ie, rayon, artificial wool, and rayon), Prosperity Fiber has the following main features:
(1) The strength is high, that is, the rich and strong fiber fabric is stronger than the viscose fiber fabric.
(2) The shrinkage rate is small, and the shrinkage rate of rich and strong fibers is one time smaller than viscose fiber.
Rich fiber
Rich fiber
The elasticity is good, and the clothes made of rich and strong fibers are relatively flat and have better resistance to crease than viscose fibers.
(4) Alkali resistance is good. Because the alkali resistance of rich and strong fibers is better than that of viscose fibers, the selection of detergents such as soap in rich fabrics is not as stringent as viscose.
(b) Synthetic fiber
Synthetic fibers are made from synthetic polymer compounds. Commonly used synthetic fibers include polyester, nylon, acrylic, acrylic, vinylon, and spandex.
â– 1. Polyester Polyester's scientific name is polyethylene terephthalate, referred to as polyester fiber. Polyester is the name of our country's merchandise, and there are foreign countries called "Dacron", "Teli", "Dili" and so on.
Due to the availability of raw materials, excellent performance, wide range of uses, and rapid development, polyester now ranks first in chemical fiber production.
Li Su synthetic fiber
Li Su synthetic fiber
The biggest feature of polyester is that its elasticity is stronger than that of any fiber; its strength and wear resistance are good. The fabrics woven from it not only have a 3 to 4 times higher fastness than other fibers, but are stiff, not easily deformable, and have a “free-burningâ€. "The good name; polyester heat resistance is also strong; has good chemical stability, at normal temperatures, will not react with weak acids, weak bases, oxidants.
The disadvantage is that the hygroscopicity is extremely poor. The textile fabrics worn by it are boring and airtight. In addition, due to the smooth surface of the fiber, the cohesion between the fibers is poor, and the friction is often caused by the friction and balling.
â– 2. Nylon nylon is China's commodity name, its scientific name is polyamide fiber; nylon -66, nylon -1010, nylon -6 and other different varieties. Nylon's trade names abroad are also known as "nylon," "nylon," "kaplon," and "amendon." Nylon is the earliest synthetic fiber variety in the world. Due to its excellent performance and abundant raw material resources, it has always been the highest output of synthetic fiber. Until 1970, due to the rapid development of polyester fiber, it retreated to second place in synthetic fiber.
The most important feature of nylon is its high strength and good abrasion resistance. Its strength and wear resistance rank first in all fibers.
The disadvantages of nylon, like polyester, are poor hygroscopicity and permeability. In a dry environment, nylon is prone to static electricity, and short fiber fabrics are also prone to fluffing and pilling. Nylon heat resistance, light resistance are not good enough, ironing withstand temperature should be controlled below 140 °C. In addition, the conformability of nylon is poor, and the clothes made of nylon are not as stiff as polyester and are easily deformed. But it can carry body, is a good material for making all kinds of body-shaped shirt.
â– 3. Acrylic acrylic is a domestic brand name, its scientific name is polyacrylonitrile fiber. In foreign countries, it is also known as "Otun", "Coteer", "Delaton" and so on.
Acrylic looks white, curly, fluffy, soft to the touch, resembles wool, and is often used as a substitute for wool or as a substitute for wool. It is also known as "synthetic wool."
Acrylic solid yarn
Acrylic solid yarn
Acrylic moisture is not good enough, but the wettability is better than wool and silk fibers. Its abrasion resistance is poor in synthetic fibers, and the ironing temperature of acrylic fibers is below 130°C.
â– 4. Vinylon Vinyl's name is polyvinyl formal fiber. Also known as "Venone" and "Vinar" abroad.
Vinyl is white and soft, and it is often used as a substitute for natural cotton. It is called “synthetic cottonâ€. Vinylon's hygroscopicity is the best in hygroscopicity of synthetic fibers. In addition, vinylon's wear resistance, light resistance, corrosion resistance are better.
â– 5. The name of the Kylon Kevlar is polyvinyl chloride fiber. Foreign countries are known as "Tianmei Long" and "Luoweier".
The advantages of Kleenex are many, chemical resistance is strong, and the thermal conductivity is worse than that of wool. Therefore, the insulation is strong; the electrical insulation is high and it is flame-retardant. In addition, it has the outstanding advantage that underwear made of it can treat rheumatoid arthritis or other injuries without irritating or damaging the skin.
The disadvantages of Klemonite are also outstanding, that is, its heat resistance is extremely poor.
â– 6. Spandex Spandex's scientific name is polyurethane elastic fiber, also known as "Leyla", "Spanzier" and so on. It is a kind of chemical fiber with special elastic properties. It has been industrialized and has become the fastest growing elastic fiber.
Spandex is excellent in elasticity. The strength is 2 to 3 times higher than latex filaments, and the linear density is also finer and more resistant to chemical degradation. Spandex's acid and alkali resistance, sweat resistance, seawater resistance, dry cleaning resistance, and abrasion resistance are all good.
Spandex fibers are generally not used alone, but are incorporated in small amounts into fabrics, such as with other fibers, or as a core-spun yarn for woven elastic fabrics.
Second, according to the geometric shape is divided into filaments, short fibers, shaped fibers, composite fibers and deformation of silk.
(1) Filaments: Fibers that are not cut during the processing of chemical fibers. Filaments are further divided into monofilaments and multifilaments.
Monofilament: Only one wire, transparent, uniform and thin.
Multifilament: Several monofilaments and synthetic filaments.
(2) Short fibers: Chemical fibers can be cut into fibers of various length specifications during post-spinning processing.
(3) Shaped fibers: Different cross-sections or hollow fibers made by changing the shape of the spinneret.
1, to change the fiber elasticity, cohesion and covering ability, increase the surface area, the reflection of light is enhanced.
2, special gloss. Such as five leaf-shaped, triangular.
3, light weight, warm, good moisture absorption. Such as hollow.
4, reduce static electricity.
5, to improve the raising, the pilling performance, improve the fiber friction coefficient, improve the feel.
(4) Composite fiber: A fiber formed by feeding two or more polymers into the same spinneret in the form of a melt or a solution, and discharging them from the same spinning hole. Also known as bicomponent or multicomponent fibers. Composite fibers generally have three-dimensional three-dimensional curl, volume is highly fluffy, good elasticity, good cohesion, and good coverage. feature is:
1, the structure is not uniform.
2, the composition is not uniform.
3, uneven expansion.
(5) Deformed yarns: Synthetic yarns or filaments that have been deformed.
1. High-elasticity polyester filaments: The thermoplastic processing of synthetic fibers is 50 to 300% elongation.
2. Low-elasticity polyester filament: The elongation is controlled below 35%.
3, Acrylic expanded yarn; use the thermal elasticity of acrylic. Hot stretching - high shrinkage, shrinkage up to 45~53%, mixed spinning with low shrinkage fiber, steam treatment.
Third, according to use is divided into ordinary fibers and special fibers.
(1) Ordinary fibers: recycled fibers and synthetic fibers.
(2) Special fibers: high temperature resistant fibers, high strength fibers, high modulus fibers, and radiation resistant fibers.
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Thermal Bonded Non Woven Fabric
What is thermal bonded non-woven fabric?
Thermally bonded non-woven fabrics are non-woven materials produced by heating and melting low-melting fibers (polyester, polypropylene, etc.) in an oven during the production process, and then solidifying into a network after cooling. Thermally bonded non-woven fabrics are manufactured on the principle that where two or more fibers intersect, the low-melting fibers can be heated to melt each other, and when the fibers cool, they will be bonded, resulting in fabric strength and properties.
Thermally bonded non-woven fabrics are widely used in snow boot insulation cotton, sofa filling materials, pillow filling materials, quilts and other products, etc.
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